Share My Creation SD Sound Recorder

A sound recorder and playback for Arduino Uno or Nano with ATMEGA328P device using SD card. The card is initialized by the rSD lib and then the code reset the ATMEGA SPI to the code settings. The code uses commands for multi sector reading and writing that don't exist in the rSD library.
The firmware works for SD or SDHC cards only. If you use an SD card (up to 2GB) link PIN2 of the Arduino to Ground.
The recording doesn't use any file system, it uses absolute memory addresses (raw). You can't see files on your computer.
The ADC sample the sound at a rate of 10Ks/s, the low byte is stored to the SD card. In play the bytes are streamed to Timer 0 PWM running at frequency of 64KHz. The 0.65V bias to the ADC input is for setting the signal to the low byte of the converter output. Audio input is 1Vp-p , you can use the mic circuit or another source.
I added a simple 2 transistors amplifier to boost the power to drive 32 Ohm speaker or headphones.
The quality of the audio is reasonable.
The schematic gives the option to wire an SD or a module with micro SDHC.

Sub Process_Globals

    Public Serial1 As Serial
    Private tmr As Timer
    Private sd As SD
    Private spires, spidata As Byte
    Private CS As Pin
    Private miso As Pin
    Private mosi As Pin    'mosi
    Private clk As Pin
    Private errorLed As Pin
    Private recLed As Pin
    Private Stop, Play, Pause, Rec As Pin
    Private mic, audio, card As Pin
    Private card As Pin
    Private sdhc=False As Boolean    'standard sd
    Private loc As ULong    'location
    Private lbyte=0, rbyte As Byte    '
    Private stopPB=True, playPB=True, recPB=True, pausePB=True  As Boolean 'pushbutton status

End Sub

Private Sub AppStart
    Serial1.Initialize(115200)
    sd.Initialize(10) '10 is the CS pin
    tmr.Initialize("tmr_Tick", 100)
    tmr.Enabled = True
    Log("AppStart")
    CS.Initialize(10, CS.MODE_OUTPUT)
    miso.Initialize(12, miso.MODE_INPUT)
    clk.Initialize(13, clk.MODE_OUTPUT)
    mosi.Initialize(11, mosi.MODE_OUTPUT)
    errorLed.Initialize(9, errorLed.MODE_OUTPUT)
    recLed.Initialize(8, recLed.MODE_OUTPUT)
    Stop.Initialize(Stop.A2, Stop.MODE_INPUT_PULLUP)
    Play.Initialize(Play.A3, Play.MODE_INPUT_PULLUP)
    Pause.Initialize(Pause.A5, Pause.MODE_INPUT_PULLUP)
    Rec.Initialize(Rec.A4, Rec.MODE_INPUT_PULLUP)
    audio.Initialize(6, audio.MODE_OUTPUT)
    mic.Initialize(mic.A0, mic.MODE_INPUT)
    card.Initialize(2, card.MODE_INPUT_PULLUP)
    
    RunNative ("set_spi",Null)   
    sdhc=card.DigitalRead
End Sub

Sub tmr_Tick
    'the pushbuttons
    pausePB=Pause.DigitalRead
    recPB=Rec.DigitalRead
    If recPB=False Then write
    playPB=Play.DigitalRead
    If playPB=False Then read
    stopPB=Stop.DigitalRead
    If stopPB=False Then
        If sdhc Then loc = 10 Else loc = 5120
    End If
End Sub

Sub spi(data As Byte)As Byte    'send byte over spi
    spidata=data
    RunNative ("spi",Null)
    Return spires
End Sub

Sub Command(frame1 As Byte, adrs As ULong, frame2 As Byte)As Byte
    Dim i, res As Byte
    
    spi(0xFF)
    spi(Bit.And(0x7F,Bit.Or(0x40,frame1)))
    spi(Bit.And(0xFF000000,adrs)/0x1000000)
    spi(Bit.And(0xFF0000,adrs)/0x10000)
    spi(Bit.And(0xFF00,adrs)/0x100)
    spi(Bit.And(0xFF,adrs))
    spi( Bit.Or(1,frame2))    'CRC And last Bit 1
 
    For i=0 To 9
        res = spi(0xFF)
        If res <> 0xFF Then Exit
    Next
    Return res
End Sub

Sub read    'play
    Dim i As UInt
    Dim ret As Byte    'read_data,
    CS.DigitalWrite(False)
    ret = Command(18,loc,0xFF)    'read multi-sector
    If ret <> 0 Then errorLed.DigitalWrite(True)    'If Command failed
    
    Do While stopPB=True And pausePB=True
        Do While spi(0xFF) <> 0xFE    'wait For first byte
        Loop
        For i=0 To 511
            rbyte=spi(0xFF)
            DelayMicroseconds(65)
            RunNative ("sd_read",Null)
        Next
        spi(0xFF)    'discard of CRC
        spi(0xFF)
        If sdhc Then loc=loc + 1 Else loc=loc + 512    'mark location address For Return after Pause
        stopPB=Stop.DigitalRead
        pausePB=Pause.DigitalRead
    Loop
    Command(12,0x00,0xFF)    'Stop transmit
    spi(0xFF)
    spi(0xFF)
    CS.DigitalWrite(True)

End Sub
    
Sub write    'record
    Dim i As UInt
    Dim r As Byte
    Dim adc As Int
    
    CS.DigitalWrite(False)
    recLed.DigitalWrite(True)
    
    r = Command(25,loc,0xFF)    'multi sector write
    If r<>0 Then
        errorLed.DigitalWrite(True)
        recLed.DigitalWrite(False)
    End If
    spi(0xFF)
    spi(0xFF)
    spi(0xFF)
    
    Do While stopPB=True And pausePB=True
        spi(0xFC)    'multi sector token byte

        For i=0 To 511    'stream 512 bytes from ADC To build a sector
            adc=mic.AnalogRead
            lbyte=adc
            'RunNative ("sd_rec",Null)    'comment this line To disable play While recording
            spi(lbyte)
            'DelayMicroseconds(40)
        Next

        spi(0xFF) 'CRC
        spi(0xFF) 'CRC
        
        For i=0 To 1000
            If Bit.And(0x0F,spi(0xFF)) = 0x05 Then    Exit'test If data accepted
        Next
        If i>998 Then errorLed.DigitalWrite(True)

        Do While spi(0xFF) <> 0xFF    'While card busy To write sector
        Loop
        If sdhc Then loc=loc + 1 Else loc=loc + 512    'mark location address For Return after Pause
        stopPB=Stop.DigitalRead
        pausePB=Pause.DigitalRead
    Loop
    spi(0xFD)    ''stop transfer' token byte is needed to stop multi-sector
    
    spi(0xFF)
    spi(0xFF)
    Do While spi(0xFF) <> 0xFF    ' While busy
    Loop
    CS.DigitalWrite(True)
    recLed.DigitalWrite(False)
End Sub


#if C
    void sd_rec(B4R::Object* o)
    {   
         OCR0A=b4r_main::_lbyte;         //
    }
#End if

#if C
    void sd_read(B4R::Object* o)
    {   
        OCR0A=b4r_main::_rbyte;    //write byte To PWM
     }
#End if       

#if C
    void set_spi(B4R::Object* o)
    {   
      //spi init
    SPCR = _BV(SPE) | _BV(MSTR) | _BV(SPR0);  // Enable SPI, Master, set clock rate fck/64 | _BV(SPR1)
    SPSR = _BV(SPI2X);    //set clock rate fck/64 = 250KHz

      //PWM Timer0
    OCR0A = 64;
    TCCR0A = _BV(COM0A1) | _BV(WGM01) | _BV(WGM00);  //output in phase, fast PWM mode
    TCCR0B = _BV(CS00); // 16MHz/256 = 64KHz

    }
#End if

#if C
    void spi(B4R::Object* o)
    {   
      SPDR = b4r_main::_spidata;  // Start transmission
      while (!(SPSR & _BV(SPIF)));  // Wait For transmission To complete
      b4r_main::_spires = SPDR;    // received byte
    }
#End if