With Raspberry Pi, yes. In our compay we use it to read about 40 usb scanners and then send it over to our central server. ABMaterial is used for the interface to check the status of the scanners. ESP8266 or an ESP32 use B4R, no? If there is a way to communicate between B4R and B4J, then I guess something should be possible. e.g. you could use a Raspberry Pi to run your WebApp, and let that app communicate with B4R. But there are probably others out here who can give you a better answer to that.
In short, ABMaterial is just a UI for B4J, so it still needs java to be able to run the B4J app. It just happens you can use any webbrowser to interact with the B4J app.