After some more troubleshooting, I'm answering myself.
The file libopus.dylib was in the wrong folder inside the application jar file:
darwin/
instead of
darwin-x86-64/
Now .... the question is: if the native file is already part of the app jar file, why is needed to manually copy it in the lib folder? The packager cannot take it directly from the jar file? Same question for all OSes, including Windows.
Why if I run the jar file directly (with java -jar ...) it works even if the native library is in the wrong subfolder?