We should ask ChatGPT:
"How did Telegram gain market share despite the existence of WhatsApp?"
I'm about to do it.
Telegram has managed to carve out a significant niche alongside WhatsApp by offering a distinctly different feature set and user experience:
- Privacy and Security Positioning
From the start, Telegram emphasized privacy‑focused features: optional end‑to‑end encryption in “secret chats,” self‑destructing messages, and the ability to use the service without sharing your phone number publicly. Although WhatsApp also offers end‑to‑end encryption by default, Telegram’s marketing around anonymity and ephemeral messaging attracted users wary of data‑sharing policies within the Meta ecosystem. - Rich Feature Set Beyond Texting
Telegram rapidly rolled out capabilities that went far beyond basic messaging: large group chats (up to 200,000 members), public “channels” for one‑to‑many broadcasting, customizable bots and sticker sets, file sharing up to 2 GB per file, and powerful multi‑device sync. Many of these features either arrived earlier on Telegram or in a more advanced form than on WhatsApp, making it the go‑to platform for communities, media brands, and tech‑savvy users. - Open API and Bot Ecosystem
Telegram’s open‑API approach empowered developers to build an enormous variety of bots, from simple polls and weather updates to complex trading assistants and games. This third‑party innovation loop created a vibrant ecosystem that WhatsApp’s more locked‑down platform struggled to match. - Cross‑Platform Consistency and Desktop Support
Unlike WhatsApp, which historically tethered your web and desktop apps to your phone being online, Telegram’s native desktop and web clients work independently. Users appreciated the frictionless ability to chat on any device without needing their phone nearby or online. - Avoidance of Corporate Controversies
Periodic backlash against Meta over privacy concerns and policy changes drove some users to seek alternatives. Telegram’s relative independence (and its outspoken CEO) positioned it as a preferable option for those distrustful of the broader Facebook/Meta data‑usage paradigm. - Viral Growth from Network Effects
Because Telegram made joining via usernames easy, users could invite friends and strangers without swapping phone numbers. Coupled with high‑profile public channels (news outlets, influencers), this fueled viral onboarding that wasn’t solely tied to existing phone‑book contacts.